EVs as Versatile Signaling Mediators

EVs have evolved from being seen as mere cellular debris to being recognized for their ability to transfer functional molecules between cells. This remarkable evolution has positioned them as a cutting-edge, cell-free therapeutic tool with the potential to revolutionize modern medicine. Preclinical in vivo models have demonstrated that EVs can deliver therapeutic agents such as proteins, viruses, genes, and nucleic acids, as well as coordinate complex processes of tissue regeneration and repair. Moreover, EVs are being explored as cell-free therapies for various diseases, including cardiovascular disease and neurodegeneration. Our laboratory is developing a novel strategy for EV engineering by pre-treating parent cells with biological, chemical, and genetic modifications to target specific functionalities and regulate processes in target cells.